An Il-6/Stat3 Autocrine Axis in Adipose Tissue
University Of California, San Diego, La Jolla CA
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Abstract
Project Summary/Abstract The alarming increase in the incidence of type 2 diabetes is largely due to the obesity epidemic. The failure of diet and exercise based strategies to reduce obesity has renewed interest in restoring energy balance through increased energy expenditure in adipose tissue via thermogenic pathways. However, the mobilization of energy in white or beige adipose tissue in response to cold exposure or sympathetic activation remains poorly understood. Based on our preliminary data, we propose that a previously unrecognized autocrine signaling pathway involving secretion of Il-6 and activation of Stat3 may be an important modulator of adipocyte energy expenditure in response to cold exposure. This pathway is likely also relevant in other physiological contexts in which sympathetic signaling in the adipose tissue is activated. The experiments outlined in this proposal are designed to explore and expand insights into this novel signaling pathway and its metabolic consequences. These studies will utilize either cold exposure or b?-3 adrenergic agonist injection to stimulate catecholamine signaling in adipocytes and activate this novel signaling axis. While cold exposure is a physiological stimulus, b?- 3 adrenergic agonist injection is a powerful tool to specifically investigate catecholamine signaling in adipocytes in vivo, due to the specificity of the expression of the b?-3 adrenergic receptors. Aim 1 is designed to determine the role of Il-6 in the metabolic response to cold exposure. While aim 2 investigates the specific role of adipocyte Stat3 in the induction of oxidative metabolism in response to sympathetic activation of adipose tissue. Finally, aim 3 will elucidate the molecular mechanism of Stat3 action in mature adipocytes looking at both transcription factor activity and mitochondrial localization. The work proposed here lays the ground work for future studies into how this signaling pathway is affected by obesity, and its potential as therapeutic target in the fight against obesity. The data obtained from the experiments proposed here are anticipated to support R01 funding for future studies, thereby propelling the applicants career as an independent investigator.
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