Realistic quantitative models of protein and viral evolution
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle WA
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Abstract
PROJECT SUMMARY / ABSTRACT The evolution of proteins underpins a wide range of fundamentally important biological processes, including the adaptation of viruses that are relevant to human health. Over the last few decades, a combination of experimental and observational approaches has provided a great deal of qualitative understanding into protein evolution. The goal of the proposed research is to use this understanding to guide the construction of quantitative models of protein evolution that are informed by experiments. Such models are essential to leverage burgeoning new sources of experimental data on protein and virus evolution. The proposed research centers on four interconnected goals: (1) Quantify the extent that experimental measurements of the effects of single and double mutations can be generalized to an evolutionarily relevant span of protein homologs or viral strains. (2) Develop statistical techniques to assess the adequacy of experiments for describing actual natural selection, including when these experiments measure epistatic interactions. (3) Devise high-??throughput experiments to identify mutations that enable influenza virus to adapt to new hosts, and use the resulting measurements to score the pandemic risk posed by viral strains. (4) Relate the evolution of influenza virus within single infected humans to the constraints and selection on the virus?s long-??term evolution at a global scale. All four of these goals leverage new types of data to inform better analyses of evolution in nature. The resulting insights and methods will advance basic evolutionary biology, and will be directly relevant to the study of biomedically important viruses such as influenza.
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