Foxos in the Regulation of Muscle Microphagy
University Of Iowa, Iowa City IA
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Abstract
Project Summary/Abstract: Uncontrolled diabetes and insulin resistance leads to energy imbalance, disrupted protein turnover and mitochondrial dysfunction, especially in skeletal muscle. These changes can lead to accelerated loss of strength and muscle wasting which increases the risk of morbidity and mortality in older individuals. The signals that control mitochondrial metabolism in muscle during diabetes remain incompletely understood. I have demonstrated that insulin and IGF-1 control muscle protein turnover to maintain muscle mass, and that this control is dependent on FoxO transcription factors. Furthermore, preliminary studies show that insulin- deficient diabetes leads to muscle wasting through cellular autophagy, or ?self eating?, that can be prevented by deletion of FoxOs in muscle. The goal of this proposal is to investigate whether FoxO proteins control muscle mitochondrial metabolism and mitochondrial-specific autophagy, or ?mitophagy? in the context of diabetes. However, a quantitative method to measure mitophagy in muscle is not currently available. To accomplish the goals of this project I will (a) measure muscle mitochondrial respiration in mice with muscle- specific deletion of FoxO isoforms (FoxO TKO) that are rendered diabetic using streptozotocin and correlate this with measures of mitophagy in cells lacking FoxOs, and (b) develop a quantitative method to measure mitophagy in muscle tissue using proximity ligation assay coupled to rolling circle amplification (PLA/RCA). My long-term goals are to understand the impact of diabetes and insulin resistance on protein turnover to gain insights into the metabolic and mitochondrial changes that can impact complications of this disease.
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