Atomic Structure of Sensory Transduction Proteins
Harvard Medical School, Boston MA
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Abstract
Project Summary Mechanotransduction (MET) channels reside at the tips of inner ear hair?cell stereocilia, where they mediate the conversion of sound?induced mechanical stimuli into electrical signals that are transmitted to the brain. These miniature machines open in response to mechanical change and allow a selective influx of cations into hair cells. Their molecular identity has already been pursued for over two decades. Excitingly, a number of membrane proteins have been recently implicated as critical components of the MET channel complex: TMC1, TMHS and TMIE. The dysfunction of any of these proteins is associated with hearing loss. To date, strategies for pharmacological intervention are greatly limited, partly due to lack of our understanding of these proteins' respective role during mechanotranduction. The goal of this project is to illuminate these proteins' atomic structure, their interplay, and their mechanism of the action. Here, we will integrate experimental techniques including single particle cryo?electron microscopy, protein biochemistry and engineering, in order to provide a detailed understanding of these proteins' mechanical and structural properties. Atomic structures will help identify the long?sought pore?forming domain of the MET channel, through which ion flux occurs. The structures will also help identify gating and regulatory domains, which may be key to modulating the ion channel function. By establishing a structural basis for the MET channel function and regulation, we expect that the proposed research will help in design of novel pharmaceutical approaches for targeting hearing loss.
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