Identifying Determinants of Carbapenem Resistance in Beta-lactamases
University Of Virginia, Charlottesville VA
Investigators
Linked publications & trials
Abstract
Project Summary Over 2 million people suffer a serious bacterial infection involving antibiotic resistance every year and at least 23,000 die as a direct result. Beta-lactamase enzymes contribute to this resistance by hydrolyzing antibiotics that would normally kill bacteria. Carbapenemases, a class of beta-lactamase enzymes, are of particular concern due to their ability to break down last-resort antibiotics, carbapenems. At present, the determinants that contribute to the carbapenem specificity of the widespread KPC family are unknown. KPC-2, a carbapenemase, and CTX-M9, a non-carbapenemase, offer an exemplary pair for the analysis of these determinants. Their overall structural and mechanistic similarities allow for the focused investigation of how the 125 positional residue differences between these enzymes alter carbapenemase specificity. We propose to predict and identify the subsets of these 125 residues that are required for carbapenemase specificity in KPC-2 and would grant carbapenemase specificity to CTX-M9. We will identify these subsets through two concurrent approaches. The first uses phylogenetic ancestral modeling to create an ancestral carbapenemase and a closely related ancestral non-carbapenemase. This phylogenetic approach allows us to infer two ancestors of KPC-2 and CTX-M9 with different carbapenemase specificities. We will then use these enzymes to understand the determinants required for carbapenemase specificity in a smaller mutational space as compared to the one for KPC-2 and CTX-M9. The second approach involves the use of molecular dynamics simulations and sequence analysis of KPC-2 and CTX-M9 to identify residue positions most likely to account for this different specificity. In both approaches, we will create mutant variants of enzymes through mutagenesis assays and test activity through antibiotic resistance and enzyme assays. The study of the residues contributing to carbapenemase activity will offer insight into the functional determinants underlying these similar enzymes and provide new methods of antibiotic resistance prediction in clinical and pharmaceutical environments.
View original record on NIH RePORTER →