Effects Of Age And Conditioning Status On Rest And Exercise Cardiac Performance

National Institute On Aging

Investigators

Linked publications, trials & patents

Abstract

Rates at which determinants of CV change over time during aging with advancing age in non-endurance trained adults without detectable CV disease are highly heterogeneous among persons in the absence of clinical CV disease. This phenotype heterogeneity possibly reflects heterogeneity of lifestyle and genetics and interactions among the effects of these and effect of aging. The true rates at which peak: cardiac output; heart rate; end diastolic and systolic volumes; ejection fraction; arterial pressures; and oxygen consumption change over time are unknown. Repeated measurements in a healthy, community-dwelling population reveal differences in rates of change among individuals. The relative rates also accelerate with advancing age. Peak HR, and EF declined, and peak ESV increased over time following EAge in all subjects; the percent change in these variables increased as EAge increased. However, the magnitude and direction of change in peak SV, driven by similar time-dependent heterogeneity in EDV change, were highly heterogeneous across individuals. Because the reduction in peak HR over time is fairly uniform among individuals, those in whom EDV becomes reduced over time experience the largest longitudinal rate of decline in CO. For a hypothetical average person, projected changes, normalized for fat-free mass, between 30 and 80 years of age are: reductions of 59% in VO2, 38% in (AV)O2, 41% in CO, 27% in HR, and 14% in EF; and increases of 64% in ESV, 35 mmHg in peak SBP, 63 mmHg in PP, and a 28 mmHg decline in DBP.