Targeting Fatty Acid Metabolism to Treat TB
Washington University, Saint Louis MO
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Abstract
PROJECT SUMMARY Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb)?the causative agent of the disease tuberculosis (TB)? has afflicted humans for thousands of years. It is the leading worldwide bacterial cause of death. Treatment requires multiple antibiotics for at least six months. In addition, there is rising prevalence of extensively drug resistant isolates, and the pipeline for new anti-mycobacterials is inadequate. Mtb?s success rests upon the fact that it grows in macrophages. This raises the possibility that host-directed therapeutics (HDTs) in combination with antibacterials might shorten treatment courses or reduce immunopathology. Here, we investigate whether drugs that block host fatty acid b?-oxidation (FAO) can treat TB. This proposal is based upon our unexpected discovery that FAO inhibitors, including trimetazidine which is approved for clinical use, block the intracellular growth of Mtb. We hypothesize that FAO inhibitors prevent Mtb from growing within macrophages by inducing cellular oxidative stress, activating autophagy, and promoting pro-inflammatory cytokine production. We will investigate the anti-mycobacterial activity of these compounds, define their antimicrobial mechanism of action, and evaluate their anti-tuberculous efficacy in vivo. Our proposed studies will establish whether FAO is a host pathway to target for TB treatment. In addition, these studies will contribute to our basic understanding of Mtb pathogenesis. Given the favorable pharmacokinetics and safety profiles of FAO inhibitors, our findings could rapidly translate to patients with multi-drug resistant (MDR) TB.
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