Targeted chemogenetic stimulation of rat VTA GABA neurons in cocaine extinction and reinstatement
State University Of New York At Buffalo, Buffalo NY
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Abstract
Dopaminergic neurons originating from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) regulate a variety of reward and drug- related behaviors. However, up to 20% of VTA neurons are GABAergic interneurons, and ~5% are GABA projection neurons (GPNs) that send projections to several brain regions involved in drug reward, including the nucleus accumbens (NAc). Recently the role of VTA GABA neurons and GPNs in reinforcement has been explored using transgenic mice that allow for selective manipulation of VTA GABA neurons. However, the role of these GABAergic neurons in drug-related behaviors is much less understood. We propose to use a novel combinatorial adeno-associated viral (AAV) vector system to target gene expression to either VTA GABA neurons or VTAà?NAc core GPNs in wildtype rats that have been trained to self-administer cocaine. The targeted GABA neurons will express DREADDs (designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs) which will allow us to selectively stimulate these neuronal subtypes during extinction of cocaine self- administration, and reinstatement of cocaine-seeking behavior, a rat model of relapse. We hypothesize that VTA GABA neurons will enhance responding during extinction learning and cocaine- and cue-induced reinstatement by disrupting learned cue-reward associations. Furthermore, we believe that VTAà?NAc core GPN activation will selectively enhance cue-induced reinstatement, but have little influence on cocaine-induced reinstatement or extinction. In aim 1 of this proposal, we will determine the role of VTA GABA neurons in extinction learning and reinstatement of cocaine-seeking. We will also undertake a pilot study in female rats to determine if sex differences exist. In aim 2 we will selectively target the VTA GPNs projecting to the NAc core. By contrasting these results of aim 1 and 2, we will determine if the VTAà?NAc core GPN effects differ substantially from stimulating all VTA GABA neurons, and whether these specific projections alone may serve as a potential target for therapeutic intervention. These experiments will establish the role of VTA GABA neurons in drug-seeking behaviors, and will provide the necessary groundwork for future exploration into the mechanisms underlying VTA GABA neuron effects on responding to drug cues and the processes underlying relapse.
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