Modulating Alzheimer's Disease progression by preserving intestinal health.
Buck Institute For Research On Aging, Novato CA
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Abstract
PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Alzheimer?s Disease (AD) is the 6th leading cause of death in the United States, and is estimated to cost more than $200B/year. Uniquely among the top ten causes of death, we have little ability to treat or prevent the disease. Although the precise etiology of AD is still under investigation, strong evidence suggests a causative role for systemic inflammation. The Jasper lab and others have shown that a healthy microbiome is essential for regulating intestinal inflammation. A recent study demonstrated reduced A? plaque deposition and microglial activity when treating a mouse AD model with long?term antibiotics, suggesting that inflammation related to commensal bacteria could regulate disease progression. My preliminary data indicates that inflammatory cytokines from the Drosophila intestine reach the CNS and activate JAK/STAT signaling in a subset of glial cells. Reducing intestinal loads ameliorates this signaling, reduces aggregate formation and neurodegeneration in a fly model of AD, and improves health and survival. Here, I propose a mechanistic study to delineate the signaling pathways and physiological consequences of intestinal inflammation reaching the brain. My hypothesis is that commensal bacteria can induce secretion of cytokines from the intestine into the (blood? analogous) hemolymph, promoting neurodegenerative processes in brains burdened with the amyloid peptide A?42. My research aims will establish how intestinal stress triggers inflammatory signaling and determine the nature of the responsive glial cells in the brain. I will further establish the connection between this inflammatory response and A? plaques, and apply both genetic and pharmaceutical interventions to reduce intestinal inflammation and thereby reduce the phenotypes of the AD model. My mentoring team consists of Prof. Heinrich Jasper, an expert on the Drosophila intestine and stress signaling, Prof. Pejmun Haghighi, an expert on Drosophila neurobiology, and Prof. Dale Bredesen, an expert on AD. With their guidance I will develop the conceptual understanding of neurobiology and AD, as well as the technical skills, required to carry out this project and establish an independent research program. Their assistance will furthermore be invaluable in my transition to independence as a scientist, as described in my career development plan.
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