Automated Assessment of Visuomotor Function in Children with Brain Injury
Winifred Masterson Burke Med Res Inst, White Plains NY
Investigators
Linked publications & trials
Abstract
PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Although cerebral visual impairment (CVI) is the leading cause of low vision in children, it is difficult to diagnose because affected children often lack the verbal and cognitive skills necessary to participate in standard diagnostic procedures. Diagnostic tests exist that work around the need for effective communication, but they are either subjective or impractical to administer. As a result, CVI is likely underdiagnosed, and since there is no effective treatment, most patients face a lifetime of disability. This research project will evaluate the utility of OptokineSys, a novel tool we developed for measuring visual function in braininjured children. The system automatically detects smooth tracking eye movements using 3 main elements: a computer display for presenting visual stimuli, a desktop eye tracking device, and a computer algorithm to determine whether the eyes are moving in synchrony with the visual stimulus. The system uses an automated procedure to systematically adjust the spatial frequency (fineness of detail) or contrast (light to dark ratio), the most widelyused measures of spatial visual function. The system automatically seeks the threshold setting?i.e. the most challenging stimulus at which the subject continues to track. The system also keeps children engaged in the task by providing realtime reward in the form of music that is played only when they follow the stimulus. Specific Aim 1 will compare measures made with OptokineSys against standard measures of vision, in children with brain injury who can nonetheless communicate. OptokineSys measures in this population are hypothesized to retain certain characteristic properties compared with psychophysical measures of spatial discrimination and contrast sensitivity. Specifically, this will show the extent to which the new systems? results reflect variation in the target population?s spatial visual function, as desired, or are rather dominated by its variation in other functions such as attention and eye movement. Specific Aim 2 will evaluate the reliability of OptokineSys in children whose brain injuries prevent them from participating in standard visual assessments. For both spatial frequency and contrast, thresholds will be tested twice on one day and twice on the subsequent day. The main outcome is the testretest reliability, as measured by variability. The variability is hypothesized to be higher between days than on the same day, in keeping with the waxing and waning nature of brain function following injury. These experiments will determine the utility of automated vision measurements in an underserved population that poses particular diagnostic challenges. The current study will thus will lay the groundwork for future clinical trials of OptokineSys as a tool for assessing the natural history of CVI in children with brain injury. In addition, the system could be used to train visual perception, an approach that has already proved effective in rodent studies. Together, the new system has the potential to fill the gap in our understanding of the course of CVI after brain injury, and to provide tools for changing that course.
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