Anterograde Endosomal Trafficking in Acinar Differentiation
University Of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison WI
Investigators
Abstract
This proposal aims to elucidate the role of D52-mediated anterograde endosomal trafficking during physiological and pathological conditions of the exocrine pancreas. Acinar cells, the primary cell type of the exocrine pancreas, are responsible for the regulated synthesis and secretion of inactive digestive enzymes (zymogens). Intracellular activation of zymogens leads to acinar cell damage and pancreatitis, an extremely painful inflammatory disease of the exocrine pancreas with little or no treatment options other than palliative care1?3. Acinar cell damage initiates transcriptional reprogramming to a proliferative stem-cell like progenitor in a process termed acinar to ductal metaplasia (ADM)4,5. While this response is essential for gland repair, the progenitor cells are susceptible to malignant transformation and progression toward pancreatic cancer5. Loss of anterograde endosomal trafficking during pancreatitis has been identified as a major pathogenic event leading to acinar damage in ex vivo acinar cultures6. Additionally, preliminary studies have established a strong link between the maintenance of anterograde endosomal trafficking and control of acinar cell differentiation;? indicating that loss of this pathway is a critical event in the loss of acinar terminal differentiation during pathology. This proposal will examining how the anterograde endosomal secretory pathway controls acinar cell fate in vivo using an acinar-specific, inducible mouse model of D52 deletion. Aim 1 will assess the morphological and functional consequence of acinar-specific D52 deletion in the adult murine pancreas. Aim 2 will study the effect of acinar-specific D52 deletion on pancreatitis onset, progression and recovery in rodents. Effects will be assessed at a whole body, organ, and cellular level to fully comprehend the mechanisms at play. Animals will be monitored for phenotypic changes in general health, pancreatic insufficiency, and acinar damage. Presence of edema, inflammatory cell infiltration, and fibrosis within the pancreas will be determined to quantify pathology. Acini will be isolated to evaluate morphology, differentiation status, secretory activity and polarity, unfolded protein response activation, and presence of membrane trafficking pathways. Finally, cellular markers of pancreatitis will be examined. Based on ex vivo work, it is hypothesized that loss of D52- mediated anterograde endosomal trafficking will inhibit terminal differentiation of acinar cells, exacerbating pathological conditions. The role of the endosomal system in acinar differentiation is a yet unexplored area of acinar biology, representing a previously unrecognized mechanism for preserving acinar cell function and the potential for new avenues of pancreatitis treatment. The cellular and molecular mechanisms driving acinar cell dedifferentiation and redifferentiation during gland repair are still emerging and represent a critical void in our understanding of pancreatic disease. This proposal is designed to provide basic mechanistic insight into terminal acinar differentiation under both physiological and pathological conditions, fitting well within the mission of the NIH to discover fundamental knowledge of human health and disease.
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