Characterization of the Sinorhizobium meliloti cell cycle regulatory network required for host colonization
University Of Massachusetts Boston, Dorchester MA
Investigators
Abstract
PROJECT SUMMARY Our studies are focused on a regulatory network utilized by bacteria to effect an orderly progression of cell cycle events in a manner that is sensitive to environmental conditions and is capable of producing differentiated cell types. Our primary objective is to understand how a regulatory network directs cell cycle events in order to promote chronic host colonization. To this end, we use Sinorhizobium meliloti as a model system because it can grow in the soil as a free-??living bacterium or colonize the roots of plants as a beneficial symbiont to establish a chronic intracellular infection. S. meliloti undertake novel cell cycle modifications during symbiosis, however the underlying molecular mechanisms that direct these events are unknown. By executing the aims described in this proposal, we will develop a mechanistic model for cell cycle regulation. A recently identified two-??component signal transduction pathway is known to control cell cycle progression. CbrA is a histidine kinase that functions at the top of this pathway to regulate the activity of CtrA, an essential DNA-??binding response regulator that controls the transcription of regulatory and effector proteins in a temporal fashion as the cell cycle progresses. We identified divL as a component of the CbrA pathway and will further characterize its function. Using cell biological methods, we will determine its role in cell cycle regulation and symbiosis. We will also use a genetic suppressor screen to identify cellular factors that interact will DivL and confirm these interactions through in vitro biochemistry and in vivo protein localization studies. We identified MorA as a cell cycle regulator that is functionally redundant with CbrA but under distinct growth conditions. We will determine how MorA is integrated into the two-??component pathway using biochemical assays to identify its cognate response regulator(s). In addition, we will examine how MorA activity is limited to certain environmental conditions through a screen for regulatory factors. In the process, our studies will generate genetic tools required to probe the function of a pathway that includes several proteins whose activity is essential to viability and therefore challenging to study on a functional level in vivo. Ultimately, we will develop a mechanistic model for cell cycle regulation in the experimentally tractable S. meliloti that will provide a basis for dissecting cell cycle controls in related pathogenic bacteria. Our research is therefore of broad importance to understanding both cell cycle progression and diverse host-??microbe interactions.
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